Population Characteristics for Modeling Income in the Near Term Projections

Current-Law Beneficiaries Aged 60 or Older: Population Characteristics in 2024 (for race & ethnicity profiles and Social Security benefits, household income, and poverty projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
	All beneficiaries
Total	31,329	62,786	100%
Sex
Female	17,686	34,046	54%
Male	13,643	28,740	46%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	1,905	5,597	9%
White, non-Hispanic	24,813	47,863	76%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	2,944	6,073	10%
All other races, non-Hispanic	1,667	3,253	5%
Country of birth
United States	27,854	54,628	87%
Other countries	3,475	8,158	13%
Age
60–69	11,122	24,044	38%
70–79	13,211	26,012	41%
80–89	5,893	10,813	17%
90 or older	1,103	1,917	3%
Marital status
Married	17,851	36,023	57%
Divorced	5,378	11,003	18%
Widowed	6,218	11,668	19%
Never married	1,882	4,092	7%
Highest education level
Graduate	3,885	7,608	12%
Bachelor	5,533	11,051	18%
Associate	6,800	13,937	22%
High school	12,407	24,664	39%
Less than high school	2,704	5,526	9%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	29,797	59,607	95%
In poverty	1,532	3,179	5%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	6,237	12,555	20%
Second highest	6,271	12,558	20%
Middle	6,325	12,560	20%
Second lowest	6,265	12,556	20%
Lowest	6,231	12,557	20%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	21,402	43,558	69%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	5,706	10,671	17%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	3,108	6,038	10%
Disabled worker only	1,113	2,519	4%
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	1,905	5,597	100%
Sex
Female	1,073	2,961	53%
Male	832	2,637	47%
Country of birth
United States	860	2,629	47%
Other countries	1,045	2,968	53%
Marital status
Married	1,153	3,429	61%
Divorced	260	813	15%
Widowed	377	1,001	18%
Never married	115	354	6%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	1,695	5,016	90%
In poverty	210	582	10%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	211	680	12%
Second highest	269	869	16%
Middle	317	932	17%
Second lowest	453	1,288	23%
Lowest	655	1,828	33%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	1,277	3,861	69%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	318	836	15%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	206	608	11%
Disabled worker only	104	292	5%
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	24,813	47,863	100%
Sex
Female	13,881	25,895	54%
Male	10,932	21,968	46%
Country of birth
United States	23,509	45,163	94%
Other countries	1,304	2,699	6%
Age
60–69	8,295	17,100	36%
70–79	10,566	20,155	42%
80–89	4,993	8,957	19%
90 or older	959	1,650	3%
Marital status
Married	14,449	27,907	58%
Divorced	4,194	8,289	17%
Widowed	4,909	8,967	19%
Never married	1,261	2,699	6%
Highest education level
Graduate	3,384	6,467	14%
Bachelor	4,706	9,064	19%
Associate	5,606	11,111	23%
High school	9,701	18,618	39%
Less than high school	1,416	2,602	5%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	23,927	46,089	96%
In poverty	886	1,773	4%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	5,448	10,629	22%
Second highest	5,306	10,236	21%
Middle	5,194	9,949	21%
Second lowest	4,718	9,043	19%
Lowest	4,147	8,006	17%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	16,955	33,182	69%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	4,564	8,351	17%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	2,570	4,763	10%
Disabled worker only	724	1,566	3%
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	2,944	6,073	100%
Sex
Female	1,790	3,390	56%
Male	1,154	2,683	44%
Country of birth
United States	2,626	5,303	87%
Other countries	318	770	13%
Marital status
Married	1,256	2,663	44%
Divorced	655	1,426	23%
Widowed	619	1,126	19%
Never married	414	858	14%
Highest education level
Graduate	227	517	9%
Bachelor	320	728	12%
Associate	592	1,327	22%
High school	1,410	2,810	46%
Less than high school	395	691	11%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	2,629	5,469	90%
In poverty	315	604	10%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	269	594	10%
Second highest	417	899	15%
Middle	527	1,120	18%
Second lowest	703	1,484	24%
Lowest	1,028	1,975	33%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	2,003	4,200	69%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	568	1,033	17%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	148	296	5%
Disabled worker only	225	544	9%
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	1,667	3,253	100%
Sex
Female	942	1,800	55%
Male	725	1,452	45%
Country of birth
United States	859	1,532	47%
Other countries	808	1,720	53%
Highest education level
Graduate	207	424	13%
Bachelor	359	790	24%
Associate	312	585	18%
High school	619	1,168	36%
Less than high school	170	285	9%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	1,546	3,033	93%
In poverty	121	220	7%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	309	652	20%
Second highest	279	554	17%
Middle	287	559	17%
Second lowest	391	742	23%
Lowest	401	747	23%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: SB PopProfiles 03/06/2024.
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Beneficiaries Aged 60 or Older: Population Characteristics in 2030 (for race & ethnicity profiles and Social Security benefits, household income, and poverty projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
	All beneficiaries
Total	33,489	70,451	100%
Sex
Female	18,863	38,007	54%
Male	14,626	32,444	46%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	2,661	7,930	11%
White, non-Hispanic	25,725	51,410	73%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	3,100	7,074	10%
All other races, non-Hispanic	2,003	4,037	6%
Country of birth
United States	28,904	59,365	84%
Other countries	4,585	11,085	16%
Age
60–69	9,912	22,853	32%
70–79	14,342	30,014	43%
80–89	7,793	14,959	21%
90 or older	1,442	2,625	4%
Marital status
Married	18,706	39,580	56%
Divorced	6,037	12,856	18%
Widowed	6,538	12,908	18%
Never married	2,208	5,107	7%
Highest education level
Graduate	4,200	8,471	12%
Bachelor	6,493	13,378	19%
Associate	7,412	16,032	23%
High school	12,697	26,652	38%
Less than high school	2,687	5,918	8%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	31,899	66,986	95%
In poverty	1,590	3,465	5%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	6,739	14,090	20%
Second highest	6,763	14,090	20%
Middle	6,692	14,089	20%
Second lowest	6,760	14,091	20%
Lowest	6,535	14,091	20%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	23,232	49,542	70%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	6,049	11,876	17%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	3,063	6,318	9%
Disabled worker only	1,145	2,715	4%
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	2,661	7,930	100%
Sex
Female	1,475	4,097	52%
Male	1,186	3,832	48%
Country of birth
United States	1,102	3,392	43%
Other countries	1,559	4,538	57%
Marital status
Married	1,639	4,915	62%
Divorced	337	1,040	13%
Widowed	515	1,449	18%
Never married	170	525	7%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	2,409	7,257	92%
In poverty	252	672	8%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	275	907	11%
Second highest	418	1,268	16%
Middle	502	1,537	19%
Second lowest	603	1,758	22%
Lowest	863	2,458	31%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	1,740	5,299	67%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	426	1,173	15%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	304	900	11%
Disabled worker only	191	558	7%
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	25,725	51,410	100%
Sex
Female	14,368	27,779	54%
Male	11,357	23,631	46%
Country of birth
United States	24,167	48,142	94%
Other countries	1,558	3,269	6%
Age
60–69	6,962	14,978	29%
70–79	11,068	22,204	43%
80–89	6,430	11,969	23%
90 or older	1,265	2,260	4%
Marital status
Married	14,605	29,173	57%
Divorced	4,684	9,576	19%
Widowed	5,014	9,460	18%
Never married	1,422	3,201	6%
Highest education level
Graduate	3,597	7,021	14%
Bachelor	5,403	10,668	21%
Associate	5,974	12,354	24%
High school	9,519	18,972	37%
Less than high school	1,232	2,395	5%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	24,793	49,467	96%
In poverty	932	1,943	4%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	5,743	11,511	22%
Second highest	5,554	11,043	21%
Middle	5,246	10,466	20%
Second lowest	5,009	9,892	19%
Lowest	4,173	8,499	17%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	17,952	36,445	71%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	4,693	8,828	17%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	2,399	4,662	9%
Disabled worker only	681	1,476	3%
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	3,100	7,074	100%
Sex
Female	1,865	3,890	55%
Male	1,235	3,184	45%
Country of birth
United States	2,711	6,107	86%
Other countries	389	967	14%
Marital status
Married	1,286	3,041	43%
Divorced	697	1,636	23%
Widowed	620	1,260	18%
Never married	497	1,137	16%
Highest education level
Graduate	241	592	8%
Bachelor	388	945	13%
Associate	684	1,731	24%
High school	1,479	3,210	45%
Less than high school	308	596	8%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	2,833	6,497	92%
In poverty	267	577	8%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	306	796	11%
Second highest	462	1,100	16%
Middle	573	1,322	19%
Second lowest	745	1,670	24%
Lowest	1,014	2,186	31%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	2,166	4,988	71%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	587	1,231	17%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	142	326	5%
Disabled worker only	205	529	7%
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	2,003	4,037	100%
Sex
Female	1,155	2,241	56%
Male	848	1,796	44%
Country of birth
United States	924	1,725	43%
Other countries	1,079	2,312	57%
Marital status
Married	1,176	2,451	61%
Divorced	319	604	15%
Widowed	389	738	18%
Never married	119	244	6%
Highest education level
Graduate	267	552	14%
Bachelor	483	1,083	27%
Associate	361	699	17%
High school	712	1,385	34%
Less than high school	180	319	8%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	1,864	3,764	93%
In poverty	139	273	7%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	415	875	22%
Second highest	329	680	17%
Middle	371	765	19%
Second lowest	403	770	19%
Lowest	485	947	23%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: SB PopProfiles 03/06/2024.
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Beneficiaries Aged 60 or Older: Population Characteristics in 2050 (for race & ethnicity profiles and Social Security benefits, household income, and poverty projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
	All beneficiaries
Total	36,364	82,958	100%
Sex
Female	20,341	44,468	54%
Male	16,023	38,491	46%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	6,103	15,255	18%
White, non-Hispanic	23,867	52,265	63%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	3,464	9,011	11%
All other races, non-Hispanic	2,930	6,426	8%
Country of birth
United States	27,853	64,355	78%
Other countries	8,511	18,604	22%
Age
60–69	10,674	23,171	28%
70–79	12,667	30,617	37%
80–89	9,365	21,510	26%
90 or older	3,658	7,661	9%
Marital status
Married	18,580	42,648	51%
Divorced	6,762	15,379	19%
Widowed	6,949	15,220	18%
Never married	4,073	9,712	12%
Highest education level
Graduate	4,887	11,537	14%
Bachelor	7,879	18,496	22%
Associate	7,516	18,774	23%
High school	12,143	26,544	32%
Less than high school	3,939	7,607	9%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	34,572	79,177	95%
In poverty	1,792	3,782	5%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	7,073	16,591	20%
Second highest	7,136	16,591	20%
Middle	7,239	16,590	20%
Second lowest	7,370	16,592	20%
Lowest	7,546	16,595	20%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	25,989	61,099	74%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	5,700	12,252	15%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	3,190	6,422	8%
Disabled worker only	1,485	3,186	4%
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	6,103	15,255	100%
Sex
Female	3,314	7,798	51%
Male	2,789	7,457	49%
Country of birth
United States	2,601	6,765	44%
Other countries	3,502	8,490	56%
Age
60–69	2,644	5,139	34%
70–79	2,242	6,393	42%
80–89	1,005	3,050	20%
90 or older	212	674	4%
Marital status
Married	3,411	8,615	56%
Divorced	772	1,980	13%
Widowed	1,118	2,867	19%
Never married	802	1,793	12%
Highest education level
Graduate	275	835	5%
Bachelor	465	1,418	9%
Associate	830	2,487	16%
High school	2,327	5,936	39%
Less than high school	2,206	4,580	30%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	5,628	14,198	93%
In poverty	475	1,058	7%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	714	1,913	13%
Second highest	960	2,476	16%
Middle	1,151	2,891	19%
Second lowest	1,407	3,531	23%
Lowest	1,871	4,444	29%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	4,236	10,933	72%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	829	2,046	13%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	682	1,561	10%
Disabled worker only	356	715	5%
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	23,867	52,265	100%
Sex
Female	13,281	28,230	54%
Male	10,586	24,035	46%
Country of birth
United States	21,524	48,010	92%
Other countries	2,343	4,255	8%
Age
60–69	6,003	13,607	26%
70–79	8,022	18,006	34%
80–89	6,865	14,700	28%
90 or older	2,977	5,952	11%
Marital status
Married	12,391	27,324	52%
Divorced	4,783	10,415	20%
Widowed	4,742	9,867	19%
Never married	1,951	4,660	9%
Highest education level
Graduate	3,635	8,202	16%
Bachelor	6,014	13,477	26%
Associate	5,439	12,890	25%
High school	7,529	15,515	30%
Less than high school	1,250	2,181	4%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	23,024	50,524	97%
In poverty	843	1,741	3%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	5,183	11,738	22%
Second highest	5,153	11,504	22%
Middle	5,010	11,008	21%
Second lowest	4,640	9,883	19%
Lowest	3,881	8,133	16%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	17,174	38,584	74%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	4,006	8,226	16%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	1,934	3,792	7%
Disabled worker only	753	1,663	3%
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	3,464	9,011	100%
Sex
Female	2,058	4,911	55%
Male	1,406	4,100	45%
Country of birth
United States	2,872	7,598	84%
Other countries	592	1,414	16%
Age
60–69	1,325	2,885	32%
70–79	1,155	3,497	39%
80–89	746	2,072	23%
90 or older	238	558	6%
Marital status
Married	1,153	3,077	34%
Divorced	807	2,118	24%
Widowed	522	1,314	15%
Never married	982	2,502	28%
Highest education level
Graduate	290	881	10%
Bachelor	523	1,577	18%
Associate	775	2,270	25%
High school	1,567	3,710	41%
Less than high school	309	573	6%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	3,173	8,355	93%
In poverty	291	657	7%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	348	961	11%
Second highest	530	1,464	16%
Middle	624	1,677	19%
Second lowest	800	2,100	23%
Lowest	1,162	2,810	31%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	2,557	6,892	76%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	443	1,133	13%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	157	334	4%
Disabled worker only	307	652	7%
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	2,930	6,426	100%
Sex
Female	1,688	3,528	55%
Male	1,242	2,898	45%
Country of birth
United States	856	1,982	31%
Other countries	2,074	4,444	69%
Age
60–69	702	1,540	24%
70–79	1,248	2,721	42%
80–89	749	1,689	26%
90 or older	231	477	7%
Marital status
Married	1,625	3,633	57%
Divorced	400	865	13%
Widowed	567	1,171	18%
Never married	338	757	12%
Highest education level
Graduate	687	1,618	25%
Bachelor	877	2,024	32%
Associate	472	1,128	18%
High school	720	1,382	22%
Less than high school	174	273	4%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	2,747	6,100	95%
In poverty	183	326	5%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	828	1,980	31%
Second highest	493	1,147	18%
Middle	454	1,014	16%
Second lowest	523	1,078	17%
Lowest	632	1,208	19%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: SB PopProfiles 03/06/2024.
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Beneficiaries Aged 60 or Older: Population Characteristics in 2070 (for race & ethnicity profiles and Social Security benefits, household income, and poverty projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
	All beneficiaries
Total	40,849	92,320	100%
Sex
Female	21,501	48,329	52%
Male	19,348	43,990	48%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	10,326	21,549	23%
White, non-Hispanic	22,576	52,672	57%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	4,052	9,259	10%
All other races, non-Hispanic	3,895	8,840	10%
Country of birth
United States	30,579	72,273	78%
Other countries	10,270	20,047	22%
Age
60–69	11,635	25,612	28%
70–79	15,572	35,208	38%
80–89	10,097	22,905	25%
90 or older	3,545	8,595	9%
Marital status
Married	18,893	42,649	46%
Divorced	7,952	18,291	20%
Widowed	6,715	14,609	16%
Never married	7,289	16,772	18%
Highest education level
Graduate	6,478	17,301	19%
Bachelor	6,741	17,419	19%
Associate	7,368	20,068	22%
High school	14,240	27,962	30%
Less than high school	6,022	9,569	10%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	39,368	89,498	97%
In poverty	1,481	2,822	3%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	7,436	18,463	20%
Second highest	7,714	18,464	20%
Middle	8,059	18,468	20%
Second lowest	8,495	18,463	20%
Lowest	9,145	18,462	20%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	29,924	69,837	76%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	5,807	12,361	13%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	3,419	6,460	7%
Disabled worker only	1,699	3,662	4%
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	10,326	21,549	100%
Sex
Female	5,276	10,922	51%
Male	5,050	10,627	49%
Country of birth
United States	6,082	12,941	60%
Other countries	4,244	8,608	40%
Age
60–69	3,741	7,549	35%
70–79	4,000	8,320	39%
80–89	2,120	4,382	20%
90 or older	465	1,298	6%
Marital status
Married	5,094	10,573	49%
Divorced	1,590	3,466	16%
Widowed	1,611	3,326	15%
Never married	2,031	4,185	19%
Highest education level
Graduate	680	1,923	9%
Bachelor	569	1,595	7%
Associate	1,305	3,664	17%
High school	4,110	8,332	39%
Less than high school	3,662	6,035	28%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	9,847	20,586	96%
In poverty	479	963	4%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	1,228	2,698	13%
Second highest	1,685	3,670	17%
Middle	2,024	4,303	20%
Second lowest	2,462	5,012	23%
Lowest	2,927	5,865	27%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	7,321	15,382	71%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	1,386	2,887	13%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	1,015	2,059	10%
Disabled worker only	604	1,222	6%
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	22,576	52,672	100%
Sex
Female	11,819	27,503	52%
Male	10,757	25,170	48%
Country of birth
United States	19,954	48,329	92%
Other countries	2,622	4,343	8%
Age
60–69	5,643	13,073	25%
70–79	8,352	19,632	37%
80–89	6,085	14,272	27%
90 or older	2,496	5,695	11%
Marital status
Married	10,780	25,230	48%
Divorced	4,966	11,697	22%
Widowed	3,974	8,819	17%
Never married	2,856	6,926	13%
Highest education level
Graduate	4,323	11,480	22%
Bachelor	4,466	11,527	22%
Associate	4,670	12,681	24%
High school	7,524	14,584	28%
Less than high school	1,593	2,400	5%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	21,980	51,547	98%
In poverty	596	1,125	2%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	4,546	11,663	22%
Second highest	4,727	11,631	22%
Middle	4,708	11,100	21%
Second lowest	4,551	10,141	19%
Lowest	4,044	8,138	15%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	16,601	40,226	76%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	3,563	7,684	15%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	1,699	3,168	6%
Disabled worker only	713	1,595	3%
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	4,052	9,259	100%
Sex
Female	2,167	4,972	54%
Male	1,885	4,286	46%
Country of birth
United States	3,387	7,960	86%
Other countries	665	1,298	14%
Age
60–69	1,278	2,786	30%
70–79	1,618	3,598	39%
80–89	939	2,143	23%
90 or older	217	732	8%
Marital status
Married	1,063	2,439	26%
Divorced	976	2,200	24%
Widowed	453	1,068	12%
Never married	1,560	3,553	38%
Highest education level
Graduate	454	1,294	14%
Bachelor	612	1,660	18%
Associate	740	2,042	22%
High school	1,782	3,565	39%
Less than high school	464	698	8%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	3,815	8,833	95%
In poverty	237	426	5%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	483	1,152	12%
Second highest	657	1,598	17%
Middle	721	1,732	19%
Second lowest	832	1,930	21%
Lowest	1,359	2,847	31%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	3,165	7,341	79%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	412	934	10%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	195	375	4%
Disabled worker only	280	609	7%
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	3,895	8,840	100%
Sex
Female	2,239	4,932	56%
Male	1,656	3,907	44%
Country of birth
United States	1,156	3,043	34%
Other countries	2,739	5,797	66%
Age
60–69	973	2,203	25%
70–79	1,602	3,658	41%
80–89	953	2,109	24%
90 or older	367	869	10%
Marital status
Married	1,956	4,407	50%
Divorced	420	928	10%
Widowed	677	1,397	16%
Never married	842	2,108	24%
Highest education level
Graduate	1,021	2,605	29%
Bachelor	1,094	2,637	30%
Associate	653	1,682	19%
High school	824	1,480	17%
Less than high school	303	436	5%
Current-law poverty status
Above poverty	3,726	8,531	97%
In poverty	169	309	3%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	1,179	2,950	33%
Second highest	645	1,565	18%
Middle	606	1,332	15%
Second lowest	650	1,380	16%
Lowest	815	1,613	18%
Current-law benefit type
Retired worker only	2,837	6,888	78%
Widow(er) (includes dually entitled)	446	857	10%
Spousal (includes dually entitled)	510	859	10%
Disabled worker only	102	237	3%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: SB PopProfiles 03/06/2024.
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Payroll Taxpayers Aged 31 or Older: Population Characteristics in 2024 (for race & ethnicity profiles and Social Security taxes paid projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
	All taxpayers
Total	52,681	120,730	100%
Sex
Female	25,609	56,877	47%
Male	27,072	63,853	53%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	8,716	21,252	18%
White, non-Hispanic	34,507	76,600	63%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	5,545	13,938	12%
All other races, non-Hispanic	3,913	8,940	7%
Country of birth
United States	42,176	96,944	80%
Other countries	10,505	23,786	20%
Age
31–39	14,323	32,803	27%
40–49	13,394	31,891	26%
50–59	12,872	30,134	25%
60–69	8,509	18,862	16%
70 or older	3,583	7,040	6%
Marital status
Married	32,234	73,717	61%
Divorced	7,845	17,843	15%
Widowed	2,096	4,376	4%
Never married	10,506	24,794	21%
Highest education level
Graduate	7,462	18,231	15%
Bachelor	10,445	24,918	21%
Associate	11,298	28,477	24%
High school	17,870	38,484	32%
Less than high school	5,606	10,620	9%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	10,284	24,147	20%
Second highest	10,319	24,146	20%
Middle	10,540	24,149	20%
Second lowest	10,640	24,143	20%
Lowest	10,898	24,146	20%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	9,880	24,141	20%
Second highest	10,220	24,152	20%
Middle	10,589	24,148	20%
Second lowest	10,912	24,137	20%
Lowest	11,080	24,153	20%
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	8,716	21,252	100%
Sex
Female	3,997	9,273	44%
Male	4,719	11,978	56%
Country of birth
United States	4,199	10,400	49%
Other countries	4,517	10,851	51%
Age
31–39	3,274	6,550	31%
40–49	2,811	6,730	32%
50–59	1,795	5,418	25%
60–69	699	2,165	10%
70 or older	137	389	2%
Marital status
Married	5,369	13,486	63%
Divorced	881	2,305	11%
Widowed	248	674	3%
Never married	2,218	4,787	23%
Highest education level
Graduate	429	1,305	6%
Bachelor	559	1,698	8%
Associate	1,270	3,808	18%
High school	3,298	8,116	38%
Less than high school	3,160	6,325	30%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	935	2,549	12%
Second highest	1,349	3,505	16%
Middle	1,729	4,156	20%
Second lowest	2,159	5,275	25%
Lowest	2,544	5,767	27%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	811	2,198	10%
Second highest	1,305	3,373	16%
Middle	2,020	4,986	23%
Second lowest	2,285	5,340	25%
Lowest	2,295	5,355	25%
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	34,507	76,600	100%
Sex
Female	16,521	35,915	47%
Male	17,986	40,685	53%
Country of birth
United States	31,813	71,238	93%
Other countries	2,694	5,362	7%
Age
31–39	8,294	19,808	26%
40–49	8,010	18,761	24%
50–59	8,747	18,766	24%
60–69	6,460	13,530	18%
70 or older	2,996	5,736	7%
Marital status
Married	22,297	49,186	64%
Divorced	5,634	12,272	16%
Widowed	1,535	3,025	4%
Never married	5,041	12,118	16%
Highest education level
Graduate	5,584	13,110	17%
Bachelor	7,987	18,229	24%
Associate	8,105	19,500	25%
High school	11,170	22,860	30%
Less than high school	1,661	2,901	4%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	7,668	17,109	22%
Second highest	7,431	16,751	22%
Middle	7,149	15,978	21%
Second lowest	6,578	14,443	19%
Lowest	5,681	12,319	16%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	7,334	17,245	23%
Second highest	7,402	16,809	22%
Middle	6,787	14,905	19%
Second lowest	6,407	13,725	18%
Lowest	6,577	13,916	18%
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	5,545	13,938	100%
Sex
Female	3,164	7,396	53%
Male	2,381	6,543	47%
Country of birth
United States	4,762	12,061	87%
Other countries	783	1,877	13%
Age
31–39	1,848	4,167	30%
40–49	1,471	3,846	28%
50–59	1,225	3,471	25%
60–69	740	1,904	14%
70 or older	261	551	4%
Marital status
Married	2,210	5,668	41%
Divorced	890	2,335	17%
Widowed	171	401	3%
Never married	2,274	5,534	40%
Highest education level
Graduate	500	1,446	10%
Bachelor	826	2,396	17%
Associate	1,200	3,418	25%
High school	2,455	5,644	40%
Less than high school	564	1,035	7%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	613	1,820	13%
Second highest	821	2,223	16%
Middle	1,049	2,637	19%
Second lowest	1,278	3,100	22%
Lowest	1,784	4,157	30%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	648	1,969	14%
Second highest	881	2,427	17%
Middle	1,190	2,940	21%
Second lowest	1,420	3,385	24%
Lowest	1,406	3,217	23%
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	3,913	8,940	100%
Sex
Female	1,927	4,293	48%
Male	1,986	4,647	52%
Country of birth
United States	1,402	3,246	36%
Other countries	2,511	5,695	64%
Age
31–39	907	2,279	25%
40–49	1,102	2,554	29%
50–59	1,105	2,479	28%
60–69	610	1,264	14%
70 or older	189	364	4%
Marital status
Married	2,358	5,378	60%
Divorced	440	931	10%
Widowed	142	276	3%
Never married	973	2,355	26%
Highest education level
Graduate	949	2,371	27%
Bachelor	1,073	2,596	29%
Associate	723	1,751	20%
High school	947	1,863	21%
Less than high school	221	360	4%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	1,068	2,669	30%
Second highest	718	1,666	19%
Middle	613	1,378	15%
Second lowest	625	1,325	15%
Lowest	889	1,902	21%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	1,087	2,729	31%
Second highest	632	1,543	17%
Middle	592	1,316	15%
Second lowest	800	1,687	19%
Lowest	802	1,665	19%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: SB PopProfiles 03/06/2024.
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Payroll Taxpayers Aged 31 or Older: Population Characteristics in 2030 (for race & ethnicity profiles and Social Security taxes paid projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
	All taxpayers
Total	54,435	125,411	100%
Sex
Female	26,318	59,404	47%
Male	28,117	66,006	53%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	10,421	24,008	19%
White, non-Hispanic	33,911	77,028	61%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	5,856	14,497	12%
All other races, non-Hispanic	4,247	9,877	8%
Country of birth
United States	42,942	100,194	80%
Other countries	11,493	25,216	20%
Age
31–39	14,214	32,790	26%
40–49	14,915	33,803	27%
50–59	12,086	29,409	23%
60–69	8,973	20,604	16%
70 or older	4,247	8,805	7%
Marital status
Married	31,979	73,722	59%
Divorced	8,214	18,808	15%
Widowed	2,121	4,568	4%
Never married	12,121	28,313	23%
Highest education level
Graduate	8,159	20,624	16%
Bachelor	10,516	25,890	21%
Associate	11,206	29,077	23%
High school	18,312	38,733	31%
Less than high school	6,242	11,086	9%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	10,445	25,084	20%
Second highest	10,614	25,082	20%
Middle	10,865	25,081	20%
Second lowest	11,031	25,082	20%
Lowest	11,480	25,082	20%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	10,060	25,083	20%
Second highest	10,571	25,079	20%
Middle	11,003	25,087	20%
Second lowest	11,398	25,084	20%
Lowest	11,403	25,078	20%
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	10,421	24,008	100%
Sex
Female	4,745	10,630	44%
Male	5,676	13,378	56%
Country of birth
United States	5,394	12,631	53%
Other countries	5,027	11,378	47%
Age
31–39	3,654	7,397	31%
40–49	3,519	7,076	29%
50–59	2,131	6,106	25%
60–69	903	2,749	11%
70 or older	214	680	3%
Marital status
Married	6,114	14,505	60%
Divorced	1,057	2,577	11%
Widowed	291	763	3%
Never married	2,959	6,163	26%
Highest education level
Graduate	599	1,767	7%
Bachelor	664	1,982	8%
Associate	1,421	4,220	18%
High school	4,007	9,163	38%
Less than high school	3,730	6,876	29%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	1,124	2,801	12%
Second highest	1,675	4,022	17%
Middle	2,114	4,887	20%
Second lowest	2,567	5,887	25%
Lowest	2,941	6,411	27%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	1,025	2,531	11%
Second highest	1,530	3,685	15%
Middle	2,466	5,659	24%
Second lowest	2,678	5,922	25%
Lowest	2,722	6,212	26%
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	33,911	77,028	100%
Sex
Female	16,209	36,243	47%
Male	17,702	40,786	53%
Country of birth
United States	31,135	71,592	93%
Other countries	2,776	5,436	7%
Age
31–39	7,728	18,707	24%
40–49	8,491	20,149	26%
50–59	7,621	17,145	22%
60–69	6,576	14,088	18%
70 or older	3,495	6,940	9%
Marital status
Married	21,229	48,087	62%
Divorced	5,754	12,789	17%
Widowed	1,498	3,039	4%
Never married	5,430	13,113	17%
Highest education level
Graduate	5,871	14,419	19%
Bachelor	7,777	18,381	24%
Associate	7,836	19,555	25%
High school	10,741	21,847	28%
Less than high school	1,686	2,827	4%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	7,449	17,369	23%
Second highest	7,230	16,710	22%
Middle	7,035	16,001	21%
Second lowest	6,444	14,437	19%
Lowest	5,753	12,511	16%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	7,083	17,373	23%
Second highest	7,461	17,351	23%
Middle	6,684	14,870	19%
Second lowest	6,336	13,753	18%
Lowest	6,347	13,682	18%
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	5,856	14,497	100%
Sex
Female	3,324	7,861	54%
Male	2,532	6,636	46%
Country of birth
United States	4,989	12,519	86%
Other countries	867	1,978	14%
Age
31–39	1,793	4,062	28%
40–49	1,805	4,026	28%
50–59	1,200	3,617	25%
60–69	771	2,122	15%
70 or older	287	671	5%
Marital status
Married	2,112	5,311	37%
Divorced	976	2,511	17%
Widowed	185	441	3%
Never married	2,583	6,234	43%
Highest education level
Graduate	553	1,589	11%
Bachelor	870	2,572	18%
Associate	1,200	3,441	24%
High school	2,625	5,860	40%
Less than high school	608	1,035	7%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	646	1,847	13%
Second highest	931	2,508	17%
Middle	1,075	2,701	19%
Second lowest	1,352	3,242	22%
Lowest	1,852	4,198	29%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	705	2,007	14%
Second highest	931	2,482	17%
Middle	1,205	3,060	21%
Second lowest	1,565	3,649	25%
Lowest	1,450	3,299	23%
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	4,247	9,877	100%
Sex
Female	2,040	4,671	47%
Male	2,207	5,206	53%
Country of birth
United States	1,424	3,453	35%
Other countries	2,823	6,424	65%
Age
31–39	1,039	2,624	27%
40–49	1,100	2,552	26%
50–59	1,134	2,541	26%
60–69	723	1,645	17%
70 or older	251	515	5%
Marital status
Married	2,524	5,819	59%
Divorced	427	931	9%
Widowed	147	325	3%
Never married	1,149	2,803	28%
Highest education level
Graduate	1,136	2,850	29%
Bachelor	1,205	2,955	30%
Associate	749	1,862	19%
High school	939	1,863	19%
Less than high school	218	348	4%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	1,226	3,066	31%
Second highest	778	1,842	19%
Middle	641	1,493	15%
Second lowest	668	1,515	15%
Lowest	934	1,962	20%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	1,247	3,173	32%
Second highest	649	1,561	16%
Middle	648	1,498	15%
Second lowest	819	1,760	18%
Lowest	884	1,886	19%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: SB PopProfiles 03/06/2024.
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Payroll Taxpayers Aged 31 or Older: Population Characteristics in 2050 (for race & ethnicity profiles and Social Security taxes paid projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
	All taxpayers
Total	59,041	136,409	100%
Sex
Female	27,856	64,782	47%
Male	31,185	71,626	53%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	15,569	32,790	24%
White, non-Hispanic	31,334	75,014	55%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	6,448	14,908	11%
All other races, non-Hispanic	5,690	13,696	10%
Country of birth
United States	45,454	108,151	79%
Other countries	13,587	28,258	21%
Age
31–39	14,470	33,259	24%
40–49	16,063	36,853	27%
50–59	14,415	33,098	24%
60–69	9,152	21,275	16%
70 or older	4,941	11,924	9%
Marital status
Married	31,960	74,174	54%
Divorced	9,707	22,606	17%
Widowed	1,678	3,684	3%
Never married	15,696	35,945	26%
Highest education level
Graduate	10,045	27,271	20%
Bachelor	9,908	26,224	19%
Associate	10,778	29,758	22%
High school	20,157	40,142	29%
Less than high school	8,153	13,014	10%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	10,824	27,283	20%
Second highest	11,358	27,282	20%
Middle	11,729	27,279	20%
Second lowest	12,210	27,282	20%
Lowest	12,920	27,283	20%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	10,482	27,287	20%
Second highest	11,209	27,272	20%
Middle	11,970	27,289	20%
Second lowest	12,604	27,278	20%
Lowest	12,776	27,282	20%
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	15,569	32,790	100%
Sex
Female	6,967	14,906	45%
Male	8,602	17,885	55%
Country of birth
United States	9,883	21,318	65%
Other countries	5,686	11,472	35%
Age
31–39	4,651	9,611	29%
40–49	4,877	10,057	31%
50–59	3,683	7,645	23%
60–69	1,802	3,765	11%
70 or older	556	1,712	5%
Marital status
Married	8,549	18,188	55%
Divorced	1,959	4,292	13%
Widowed	327	716	2%
Never married	4,734	9,594	29%
Highest education level
Graduate	1,179	3,365	10%
Bachelor	912	2,595	8%
Associate	1,998	5,680	17%
High school	6,181	12,512	38%
Less than high school	5,299	8,638	26%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	1,852	4,175	13%
Second highest	2,648	5,735	17%
Middle	3,153	6,660	20%
Second lowest	3,746	7,810	24%
Lowest	4,170	8,410	26%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	1,582	3,665	11%
Second highest	2,518	5,528	17%
Middle	3,597	7,559	23%
Second lowest	3,903	7,893	24%
Lowest	3,969	8,145	25%
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	31,334	75,014	100%
Sex
Female	14,742	35,450	47%
Male	16,592	39,564	53%
Country of birth
United States	28,244	68,966	92%
Other countries	3,090	6,048	8%
Age
31–39	6,686	16,130	22%
40–49	7,878	19,073	25%
50–59	7,706	18,511	25%
60–69	5,522	13,330	18%
70 or older	3,542	7,971	11%
Marital status
Married	18,434	44,313	59%
Divorced	6,048	14,373	19%
Widowed	1,067	2,348	3%
Never married	5,785	13,981	19%
Highest education level
Graduate	6,441	17,364	23%
Bachelor	6,366	16,763	22%
Associate	6,587	18,089	24%
High school	10,080	19,946	27%
Less than high school	1,860	2,853	4%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	6,493	16,749	22%
Second highest	6,593	16,422	22%
Middle	6,564	15,754	21%
Second lowest	6,128	14,078	19%
Lowest	5,556	12,011	16%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	6,218	16,594	22%
Second highest	6,784	16,950	23%
Middle	6,155	14,469	19%
Second lowest	6,062	13,593	18%
Lowest	6,115	13,408	18%
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	6,448	14,908	100%
Sex
Female	3,371	7,839	53%
Male	3,077	7,069	47%
Country of birth
United States	5,417	12,812	86%
Other countries	1,031	2,096	14%
Age
31–39	1,758	4,015	27%
40–49	1,760	3,959	27%
50–59	1,603	3,623	24%
60–69	967	2,228	15%
70 or older	360	1,082	7%
Marital status
Married	1,955	4,542	30%
Divorced	1,178	2,751	18%
Widowed	128	303	2%
Never married	3,187	7,312	49%
Highest education level
Graduate	729	2,053	14%
Bachelor	962	2,655	18%
Associate	1,223	3,423	23%
High school	2,841	5,711	38%
Less than high school	693	1,065	7%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	711	1,795	12%
Second highest	1,021	2,460	16%
Middle	1,152	2,789	19%
Second lowest	1,498	3,456	23%
Lowest	2,066	4,408	30%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	801	2,090	14%
Second highest	1,046	2,631	18%
Middle	1,302	3,085	21%
Second lowest	1,656	3,633	24%
Lowest	1,643	3,469	23%
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	5,690	13,696	100%
Sex
Female	2,776	6,588	48%
Male	2,914	7,109	52%
Country of birth
United States	1,910	5,055	37%
Other countries	3,780	8,641	63%
Age
31–39	1,375	3,503	26%
40–49	1,548	3,763	27%
50–59	1,423	3,319	24%
60–69	861	1,952	14%
70 or older	483	1,159	8%
Marital status
Married	3,022	7,132	52%
Divorced	522	1,190	9%
Widowed	156	316	2%
Never married	1,990	5,058	37%
Highest education level
Graduate	1,696	4,489	33%
Bachelor	1,668	4,210	31%
Associate	970	2,566	19%
High school	1,055	1,974	14%
Less than high school	301	457	3%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	1,768	4,564	33%
Second highest	1,096	2,665	19%
Middle	860	2,077	15%
Second lowest	838	1,938	14%
Lowest	1,128	2,453	18%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	1,881	4,939	36%
Second highest	861	2,163	16%
Middle	916	2,176	16%
Second lowest	983	2,160	16%
Lowest	1,049	2,259	16%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: SB PopProfiles 03/06/2024.
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Payroll Taxpayers Aged 31 or Older: Population Characteristics in 2070 (for race & ethnicity profiles and Social Security taxes paid projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
	All taxpayers
Total	62,234	143,556	100%
Sex
Female	29,308	68,574	48%
Male	32,926	74,982	52%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	20,213	42,332	29%
White, non-Hispanic	28,425	68,903	48%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	6,366	14,467	10%
All other races, non-Hispanic	7,230	17,855	12%
Country of birth
United States	47,211	112,399	78%
Other countries	15,023	31,157	22%
Age
31–39	16,379	37,441	26%
40–49	15,907	35,973	25%
50–59	14,525	33,178	23%
60–69	9,882	23,250	16%
70 or older	5,541	13,713	10%
Marital status
Married	32,207	74,482	52%
Divorced	10,669	24,850	17%
Widowed	1,565	3,674	3%
Never married	17,793	40,550	28%
Highest education level
Graduate	11,186	30,853	21%
Bachelor	9,712	26,220	18%
Associate	10,893	30,200	21%
High school	21,201	41,844	29%
Less than high school	9,242	14,440	10%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	11,312	28,710	20%
Second highest	11,876	28,710	20%
Middle	12,415	28,715	20%
Second lowest	12,903	28,708	20%
Lowest	13,728	28,713	20%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	11,016	28,714	20%
Second highest	11,748	28,707	20%
Middle	12,646	28,709	20%
Second lowest	13,323	28,715	20%
Lowest	13,501	28,712	20%
	Hispanic or Latino, any race
Subtotal	20,213	42,332	100%
Sex
Female	9,216	19,800	47%
Male	10,997	22,532	53%
Country of birth
United States	13,942	29,970	71%
Other countries	6,271	12,362	29%
Age
31–39	6,366	13,311	31%
40–49	5,704	11,730	28%
50–59	4,589	9,594	23%
60–69	2,580	5,515	13%
70 or older	974	2,182	5%
Marital status
Married	10,591	22,294	53%
Divorced	2,907	6,340	15%
Widowed	398	862	2%
Never married	6,317	12,835	30%
Highest education level
Graduate	1,823	5,152	12%
Bachelor	1,200	3,375	8%
Associate	2,645	7,471	18%
High school	8,073	16,056	38%
Less than high school	6,472	10,278	24%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	2,537	5,685	13%
Second highest	3,360	7,301	17%
Middle	4,181	8,805	21%
Second lowest	4,860	10,052	24%
Lowest	5,275	10,489	25%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	2,102	4,921	12%
Second highest	3,211	7,020	17%
Middle	4,757	10,039	24%
Second lowest	5,047	10,107	24%
Lowest	5,096	10,246	24%
	White, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	28,425	68,903	100%
Sex
Female	13,232	32,412	47%
Male	15,193	36,491	53%
Country of birth
United States	25,204	62,626	91%
Other countries	3,221	6,277	9%
Age
31–39	6,588	15,861	23%
40–49	6,671	15,950	23%
50–59	6,649	15,902	23%
60–69	5,129	12,593	18%
70 or older	3,388	8,596	12%
Marital status
Married	16,372	39,821	58%
Divorced	5,815	14,005	20%
Widowed	870	2,101	3%
Never married	5,368	12,976	19%
Highest education level
Graduate	6,345	17,499	25%
Bachelor	5,504	14,911	22%
Associate	5,853	16,224	24%
High school	9,026	17,709	26%
Less than high school	1,697	2,560	4%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	5,726	15,205	22%
Second highest	6,041	15,359	22%
Middle	6,005	14,565	21%
Second lowest	5,527	12,815	19%
Lowest	5,126	10,959	16%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	5,618	15,205	22%
Second highest	6,256	15,882	23%
Middle	5,535	13,139	19%
Second lowest	5,482	12,395	18%
Lowest	5,534	12,282	18%
	Black or African American, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	6,366	14,467	100%
Sex
Female	3,329	7,669	53%
Male	3,037	6,797	47%
Country of birth
United States	5,160	12,111	84%
Other countries	1,206	2,355	16%
Age
31–39	1,690	3,822	26%
40–49	1,713	3,810	26%
50–59	1,563	3,557	25%
60–69	961	2,208	15%
70 or older	439	1,069	7%
Marital status
Married	1,733	3,916	27%
Divorced	1,291	2,963	20%
Widowed	118	281	2%
Never married	3,224	7,307	51%
Highest education level
Graduate	799	2,209	15%
Bachelor	895	2,416	17%
Associate	1,149	3,174	22%
High school	2,849	5,651	39%
Less than high school	674	1,015	7%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	736	1,793	12%
Second highest	1,009	2,391	17%
Middle	1,161	2,704	19%
Second lowest	1,470	3,348	23%
Lowest	1,990	4,230	29%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	789	2,032	14%
Second highest	1,076	2,658	18%
Middle	1,287	2,971	21%
Second lowest	1,636	3,509	24%
Lowest	1,578	3,296	23%
	All other races, non-Hispanic
Subtotal	7,230	17,855	100%
Sex
Female	3,531	8,693	49%
Male	3,699	9,162	51%
Country of birth
United States	2,905	7,691	43%
Other countries	4,325	10,163	57%
Age
31–39	1,735	4,447	25%
40–49	1,819	4,483	25%
50–59	1,724	4,124	23%
60–69	1,212	2,934	16%
70 or older	740	1,866	10%
Marital status
Married	3,511	8,451	47%
Divorced	656	1,542	9%
Widowed	179	429	2%
Never married	2,884	7,433	42%
Highest education level
Graduate	2,219	5,992	34%
Bachelor	2,113	5,517	31%
Associate	1,246	3,330	19%
High school	1,253	2,428	14%
Less than high school	399	587	3%
Current-law household income quintile
Highest	2,313	6,027	34%
Second highest	1,466	3,659	20%
Middle	1,068	2,641	15%
Second lowest	1,046	2,493	14%
Lowest	1,337	3,035	17%
Current-law payroll taxes quintile
Highest	2,507	6,556	37%
Second highest	1,205	3,146	18%
Middle	1,067	2,560	14%
Second lowest	1,158	2,705	15%
Lowest	1,293	2,888	16%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: SB PopProfiles 03/06/2024.
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Workers Born 1960–1969 with a Benefit/Tax Ratio: Population Characteristics (for benefit/tax ratio projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
Total	20,225	45,686	100%
Sex
Female	10,520	22,629	50%
Male	9,705	23,056	50%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	2,369	6,960	15%
White, non-Hispanic	13,998	29,589	65%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	2,169	5,696	12%
All other races, non-Hispanic	1,689	3,440	8%
Country of birth
United States	15,909	35,674	78%
Other countries	4,316	10,011	22%
Highest education level
Graduate	2,144	4,730	10%
Bachelor	4,044	8,865	19%
Associate	4,398	10,265	22%
High school	7,531	17,103	37%
Less than high school	2,108	4,723	10%
Current-law initial AIME quintile
Highest	4,006	9,141	20%
Second highest	3,972	9,138	20%
Middle	3,936	9,135	20%
Second lowest	3,947	9,137	20%
Lowest	4,364	9,136	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile
Highest	4,012	9,139	20%
Second highest	4,004	9,138	20%
Middle	3,938	9,135	20%
Second lowest	3,919	9,138	20%
Lowest	4,352	9,136	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile (shared)
Highest	4,048	9,139	20%
Second highest	4,025	9,135	20%
Middle	4,013	9,139	20%
Second lowest	3,914	9,136	20%
Lowest	4,225	9,136	20%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: OACT1001v1 02/20/2024
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Workers Born 1980–1989 with a Benefit/Tax Ratio: Population Characteristics (for benefit/tax ratio projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
Total	22,485	48,312	100%
Sex
Female	11,070	23,684	49%
Male	11,415	24,628	51%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	5,496	11,054	23%
White, non-Hispanic	12,127	27,119	56%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	2,835	5,990	12%
All other races, non-Hispanic	2,027	4,148	9%
Country of birth
United States	15,846	36,380	75%
Other countries	6,639	11,931	25%
Highest education level
Graduate	2,931	7,597	16%
Bachelor	3,202	7,979	17%
Associate	3,897	10,399	22%
High school	8,357	15,858	33%
Less than high school	4,098	6,478	13%
Current-law initial AIME quintile
Highest	3,741	9,665	20%
Second highest	4,152	9,664	20%
Middle	4,437	9,660	20%
Second lowest	4,692	9,665	20%
Lowest	5,463	9,658	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile
Highest	3,737	9,664	20%
Second highest	4,148	9,661	20%
Middle	4,405	9,662	20%
Second lowest	4,700	9,663	20%
Lowest	5,495	9,661	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile (shared)
Highest	3,718	9,664	20%
Second highest	4,100	9,661	20%
Middle	4,489	9,664	20%
Second lowest	4,791	9,661	20%
Lowest	5,387	9,662	20%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: OACT1001v1 02/20/2024
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Workers Born 2000–2009 with a Benefit/Tax Ratio: Population Characteristics (for benefit/tax ratio projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
Total	24,057	52,687	100%
Sex
Female	11,789	25,795	49%
Male	12,268	26,892	51%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	7,342	15,207	29%
White, non-Hispanic	11,247	25,657	49%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	2,828	6,021	11%
All other races, non-Hispanic	2,640	5,802	11%
Country of birth
United States	17,128	39,681	75%
Other countries	6,929	13,005	25%
Highest education level
Graduate	3,383	9,013	17%
Bachelor	3,278	8,304	16%
Associate	4,128	11,191	21%
High school	8,793	17,009	32%
Less than high school	4,475	7,170	14%
Current-law initial AIME quintile
Highest	4,065	10,542	20%
Second highest	4,424	10,535	20%
Middle	4,722	10,537	20%
Second lowest	5,008	10,537	20%
Lowest	5,838	10,536	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile
Highest	4,051	10,538	20%
Second highest	4,442	10,539	20%
Middle	4,677	10,535	20%
Second lowest	5,009	10,538	20%
Lowest	5,878	10,536	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile (shared)
Highest	4,026	10,538	20%
Second highest	4,434	10,538	20%
Middle	4,753	10,537	20%
Second lowest	5,063	10,537	20%
Lowest	5,781	10,536	20%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: OACT1001v1 02/20/2024
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Workers Born 2020–2029 with a Benefit/Tax Ratio: Population Characteristics (for benefit/tax ratio projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
Total	23,669	51,482	100%
Sex
Female	11,587	25,065	49%
Male	12,082	26,417	51%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	8,371	17,368	34%
White, non-Hispanic	9,568	21,565	42%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	2,713	5,779	11%
All other races, non-Hispanic	3,017	6,770	13%
Country of birth
United States	16,188	37,181	72%
Other countries	7,481	14,302	28%
Highest education level
Graduate	3,428	9,111	18%
Bachelor	3,239	8,169	16%
Associate	3,917	10,535	20%
High school	8,607	16,563	32%
Less than high school	4,478	7,105	14%
Current-law initial AIME quintile
Highest	4,004	10,299	20%
Second highest	4,424	10,296	20%
Middle	4,684	10,294	20%
Second lowest	4,915	10,298	20%
Lowest	5,642	10,294	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile
Highest	4,008	10,299	20%
Second highest	4,402	10,295	20%
Middle	4,652	10,297	20%
Second lowest	4,881	10,296	20%
Lowest	5,726	10,295	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile (shared)
Highest	3,975	10,299	20%
Second highest	4,394	10,296	20%
Middle	4,670	10,295	20%
Second lowest	5,001	10,297	20%
Lowest	5,629	10,295	20%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: OACT1001v1 02/20/2024
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Beneficiaries Born 1960–1969 with a Replacement Rate: Population Characteristics (for initial replacement rate projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
Total	16,183	37,013	100%
Sex
Female	8,252	17,967	49%
Male	7,931	19,047	51%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	1,686	5,127	14%
White, non-Hispanic	11,648	24,844	67%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	1,718	4,563	12%
All other races, non-Hispanic	1,131	2,480	7%
Country of birth
United States	13,409	29,944	81%
Other countries	2,774	7,069	19%
Highest education level
Graduate	1,794	4,040	11%
Bachelor	3,382	7,528	20%
Associate	3,680	8,642	23%
High school	5,986	13,710	37%
Less than high school	1,341	3,093	8%
Current-law initial AIME quintile
Highest	3,239	7,403	20%
Second highest	3,237	7,404	20%
Middle	3,212	7,403	20%
Second lowest	3,201	7,402	20%
Lowest	3,294	7,401	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile
Highest	3,264	7,404	20%
Second highest	3,244	7,404	20%
Middle	3,198	7,402	20%
Second lowest	3,208	7,404	20%
Lowest	3,269	7,399	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile (shared)
Highest	3,275	7,403	20%
Second highest	3,302	7,405	20%
Middle	3,225	7,400	20%
Second lowest	3,196	7,403	20%
Lowest	3,185	7,402	20%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: OACT1001v1 02/20/2024
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Beneficiaries Born 1980–1989 with a Replacement Rate: Population Characteristics (for initial replacement rate projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
Total	16,503	37,027	100%
Sex
Female	7,942	18,021	49%
Male	8,561	19,006	51%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	3,776	7,442	20%
White, non-Hispanic	9,508	22,331	60%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	2,065	4,587	12%
All other races, non-Hispanic	1,154	2,667	7%
Country of birth
United States	12,894	30,072	81%
Other countries	3,609	6,956	19%
Highest education level
Graduate	2,331	6,349	17%
Bachelor	2,397	6,418	17%
Associate	3,074	8,441	23%
High school	6,157	11,916	32%
Less than high school	2,544	3,903	11%
Current-law initial AIME quintile
Highest	2,837	7,407	20%
Second highest	3,119	7,407	20%
Middle	3,323	7,410	20%
Second lowest	3,469	7,399	20%
Lowest	3,755	7,405	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile
Highest	2,831	7,405	20%
Second highest	3,109	7,406	20%
Middle	3,305	7,407	20%
Second lowest	3,487	7,405	20%
Lowest	3,771	7,405	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile (shared)
Highest	2,828	7,406	20%
Second highest	3,055	7,407	20%
Middle	3,312	7,406	20%
Second lowest	3,524	7,405	20%
Lowest	3,784	7,404	20%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: OACT1001v1 02/20/2024
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Beneficiaries Born 2000–2009 with a Replacement Rate: Population Characteristics (for initial replacement rate projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
Total	18,045	41,266	100%
Sex
Female	8,669	20,156	49%
Male	9,376	21,110	51%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	5,323	10,946	27%
White, non-Hispanic	8,964	21,565	52%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	2,056	4,628	11%
All other races, non-Hispanic	1,702	4,127	10%
Country of birth
United States	14,120	33,235	81%
Other countries	3,925	8,030	19%
Highest education level
Graduate	2,760	7,659	19%
Bachelor	2,515	6,885	17%
Associate	3,322	9,276	22%
High school	6,552	12,917	31%
Less than high school	2,896	4,529	11%
Current-law initial AIME quintile
Highest	3,148	8,254	20%
Second highest	3,419	8,253	20%
Middle	3,623	8,255	20%
Second lowest	3,763	8,251	20%
Lowest	4,092	8,253	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile
Highest	3,134	8,254	20%
Second highest	3,422	8,253	20%
Middle	3,601	8,254	20%
Second lowest	3,774	8,254	20%
Lowest	4,114	8,251	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile (shared)
Highest	3,119	8,253	20%
Second highest	3,397	8,255	20%
Middle	3,617	8,253	20%
Second lowest	3,808	8,252	20%
Lowest	4,104	8,252	20%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: OACT1001v1 02/20/2024
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Current-Law Beneficiaries Born 2020–2029 with a Replacement Rate: Population Characteristics (for initial replacement rate projections)
Characteristic	Unweighted sample	Population (in thousands)	Share of population
Total	17,822	40,295	100%
Sex
Female	8,547	19,529	48%
Male	9,275	20,766	52%
Race and ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino, any race	6,221	12,781	32%
White, non-Hispanic	7,600	18,094	45%
Black or African American, non-Hispanic	2,002	4,512	11%
All other races, non-Hispanic	1,999	4,908	12%
Country of birth
United States	13,431	31,289	78%
Other countries	4,391	9,005	22%
Highest education level
Graduate	2,790	7,687	19%
Bachelor	2,471	6,679	17%
Associate	3,107	8,604	21%
High school	6,493	12,771	32%
Less than high school	2,961	4,554	11%
Current-law initial AIME quintile
Highest	3,102	8,060	20%
Second highest	3,401	8,059	20%
Middle	3,590	8,058	20%
Second lowest	3,733	8,060	20%
Lowest	3,996	8,058	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile
Highest	3,100	8,061	20%
Second highest	3,391	8,060	20%
Middle	3,573	8,058	20%
Second lowest	3,731	8,059	20%
Lowest	4,027	8,057	20%
Lifetime payroll tax quintile (shared)
Highest	3,086	8,060	20%
Second highest	3,362	8,059	20%
Middle	3,566	8,060	20%
Second lowest	3,756	8,059	20%
Lowest	4,052	8,057	20%
SOURCE: SSA Office of Research, Evaluation, and Statistics, MINT 8.23. Run ID: OACT1001v1 02/20/2024
NOTE: Providing these estimates does not imply SSA support for the proposal, nor is SSA responsible for any interpretations of these estimates.

Research, Statistics & Policy Analysis

Population Characteristics for Modeling Income in the Near Term Projections